gcc

gcc - GNU c c++ 编译器

语法

gcc [-c|-S|-E] [-std=<standard>]
    [-g] [-pg] [-Olevel]
    [-Wwarn..] [-Wpedantic]
    [-Idir...] [-Ldir...]
    [-Dmarcro[=defn]...] [-Umacro]
    [-foption...] [-mmachine-option...]
    [-o outputfile] [@file] infile..

    以上只列出了最常用的选项，其他选项参考下文,g++与gcc的选项基本相同。

描述

gcc分为预处理，编译，汇编，链接四个阶段。通过“阶段控制选项”可以让处理停在中间的某一阶段。比如-c选项表示不链接。

其他选项传入到特定处理阶段，有些控制预处理，有些控制编译，汇编和链接。大部分选项并没有在本文档中描述，因为这些选项的使用频率非常小。

许多选项含有多字母，因此单字母选项不能被组合在一起。比如说-d -v与-dv的含义差之千里。

大部分选项的顺序是没有影响的;但是对于同一个选项指定多次，顺序将有影响,比如-L参数。

许多选项有很长的名字，比如以-f和-W开头的，大部分这种选项都有相反含义的选项，比如说-ffoo的反义选项为-fno-foo, 本文仅说明其中不是默认选项的那个。

选项

以下是选项的概览，以类型归类。下面详述：

Overall Options

       -c  -S  -E  -o file  -no-canonical-prefixes -pipe  -pass-exit-codes -x language  -v
       -###  --help[=class[,...]]  --target-help --version -wrapper @file -fplugin=file
       -fplugin-arg-name=arg -fdump-ada-spec[-slim] -fada-spec-parent=unit -fdump-go-spec=file

C Language Options

       -ansi  -std=standard  -fgnu89-inline -aux-info filename
       -fallow-parameterless-variadic-functions -fno-asm  -fno-builtin  -fno-builtin-function
       -fhosted  -ffreestanding -fopenmp -fms-extensions -fplan9-extensions -trigraphs
       -traditional  -traditional-cpp -fallow-single-precision  -fcond-mismatch
       -flax-vector-conversions -fsigned-bitfields  -fsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields
       -funsigned-char

Warning Options

       -fsyntax-only  -fmax-errors=n  -Wpedantic -pedantic-errors -w  -Wextra  -Wall  -Waddress
       -Waggregate-return -Waggressive-loop-optimizations -Warray-bounds -Wno-attributes
       -Wno-builtin-macro-redefined -Wc++-compat -Wc++11-compat -Wcast-align  -Wcast-qual
       -Wchar-subscripts -Wclobbered  -Wcomment -Wconversion  -Wcoverage-mismatch  -Wno-cpp
       -Wno-deprecated -Wno-deprecated-declarations -Wdisabled-optimization -Wno-div-by-zero
       -Wdouble-promotion -Wempty-body  -Wenum-compare -Wno-endif-labels -Werror  -Werror=*
       -Wfatal-errors  -Wfloat-equal  -Wformat  -Wformat=2 -Wno-format-contains-nul
       -Wno-format-extra-args -Wformat-nonliteral -Wformat-security  -Wformat-y2k
       -Wframe-larger-than=len -Wno-free-nonheap-object -Wjump-misses-init -Wignored-qualifiers
       -Wimplicit  -Wimplicit-function-declaration  -Wimplicit-int -Winit-self  -Winline
       -Wmaybe-uninitialized -Wno-int-to-pointer-cast -Wno-invalid-offsetof -Winvalid-pch
       -Wlarger-than=len  -Wunsafe-loop-optimizations -Wlogical-op -Wlong-long -Wmain
       -Wmaybe-uninitialized -Wmissing-braces  -Wmissing-field-initializers
       -Wmissing-include-dirs -Wno-mudflap -Wno-multichar  -Wnonnull  -Wno-overflow
       -Woverlength-strings  -Wpacked  -Wpacked-bitfield-compat  -Wpadded -Wparentheses
       -Wpedantic-ms-format -Wno-pedantic-ms-format -Wpointer-arith  -Wno-pointer-to-int-cast
       -Wredundant-decls  -Wno-return-local-addr -Wreturn-type  -Wsequence-point  -Wshadow
       -Wsign-compare  -Wsign-conversion  -Wsizeof-pointer-memaccess -Wstack-protector
       -Wstack-usage=len -Wstrict-aliasing -Wstrict-aliasing=n  -Wstrict-overflow
       -Wstrict-overflow=n -Wsuggest-attribute=[pure|const|noreturn|format]
       -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wswitch  -Wswitch-default  -Wswitch-enum -Wsync-nand
       -Wsystem-headers  -Wtrampolines  -Wtrigraphs  -Wtype-limits  -Wundef -Wuninitialized
       -Wunknown-pragmas  -Wno-pragmas -Wunsuffixed-float-constants  -Wunused
       -Wunused-function -Wunused-label  -Wunused-local-typedefs -Wunused-parameter
       -Wno-unused-result -Wunused-value  -Wunused-variable -Wunused-but-set-parameter
       -Wunused-but-set-variable -Wuseless-cast -Wvariadic-macros
       -Wvector-operation-performance -Wvla -Wvolatile-register-var  -Wwrite-strings
       -Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant

Debugging Options

Optimization Options

Preprocessor Options

       -Aquestion=answer -A-question[=answer] -C  -dD  -dI  -dM  -dN -Dmacro[=defn]  -E  -H
       -idirafter dir -include file  -imacros file -iprefix file  -iwithprefix dir
       -iwithprefixbefore dir  -isystem dir -imultilib dir -isysroot dir -M  -MM  -MF  -MG  -MP
       -MQ  -MT  -nostdinc -P  -fdebug-cpp -ftrack-macro-expansion -fworking-directory -remap
       -trigraphs  -undef  -Umacro -Wp,option -Xpreprocessor option -no-integrated-cpp

-M      生成预处理过程解析出来的依赖关系。
-MM     与-M类似，但是省略系统头文件

Assembler Option

       -Wa,option  -Xassembler option

Linker Options

       object-file-name  -llibrary -nostartfiles  -nodefaultlibs  -nostdlib -pie -rdynamic -s
       -static -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -static-libasan -static-libtsan -shared
       -shared-libgcc  -symbolic -T script  -Wl,option  -Xlinker option -u symbol

Directory Options

       -Bprefix -Idir -iplugindir=dir -iquotedir -Ldir -specs=file -I- --sysroot=dir
       --no-sysroot-suffix

Code Generation Options

-ansi -std=c90 -std=c++98 , c90不支持//格式的注释，因此规范中一般不建议使用//注释.
-std=c90,c89 c99 c9x c11 c1x
-fallow-parameterless-variadic-functions
-fno-builtin

-fsyntax-only
-fmax-errors=n
-w  Inhibit all warning messages
-Werror Make all warnings into errors
-Wall 
-Wextra
-Wformat

Options for Debugging Your Program or GCC

-g 
Options That Control Optimization
-O2
Options Controlling the Preprocessor
-D name
-I dir
Passing Options to the Assembler
-Wa,option
Options for Linking
 -llibrary
  -Wl,option

Options for Directory Search
-Idir
-Ldir